Then I removed all the separate INDEX, CONTROL an
      INDEXPVT-options for mail_location so thant only 
    
mail_location = maildir:/var/mail/%u/Maildir:LAYOUT=fs
was left. And moving messages arround let them stay unseen.
Then i added INDEX, CONTROL and INDEXPVT step by step and tested
      the setup...
    
At least i had again
mail_location = maildir:/var/mail/%u/Maildir:LAYOUT=fs:INDEX=/var/lib/dovecot/db/indexes/Maildir/%u:INDEXPVT=/var/lib/dovecot/db/indexes/Maildir/%u:CONTROL=/var/lib/dovecot/db/control/Maildir/%u
Moving messages with INDEXPVT in the config sets messages again
      to \Recent and unseen in the new Folder. Without INDEXPVT an
      unseen message stays unseen... 
    
So i think, the problem is solved.
    
Bye jakob